Difference between revisions of "Modeling Standards"

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The evolution of modeling standards is an enabling factor for the broad adoption of [[Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) (glossary)|Model-Based Systems Engineering]] ([[Acronyms|MBSE]]).
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'''''Lead Author:''''' ''Sanford Friedenthal'', '''''Contributing Authors:''''' ''Dov Dori, Yaniv Mordecai''
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Different types of {{Term|Model (glossary)|models}} are needed to support the analysis, specification, {{Term|Design (glossary)|design}}, and {{Term|Verification (glossary)|verification}} of {{Term|System (glossary)|systems}}. The evolution of modeling standards enables the broad adoption of {{Term|Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) (glossary)|Model-Based Systems Engineering}} (MBSE).  
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==Motivation for Modeling Standards==
 
==Motivation for Modeling Standards==
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Different types of [[Model (glossary)|models (glossary)]] are needed to support the analysis, specification, design, and verification of systems. Each type of model can be used to represent different aspects of a system, such as representing the set of system components and their interconnections and interfaces, or representing a system to support performance analysis or reliability analysis. Modeling standards play an important role in defining agreed upon system modeling concepts that can be represented for a particular domain of interest. They also enable integration of different types of models across domains of interest. Modeling standards are extremely important to support MBSE, which must integrate across disciplines, products, and technologies.
 
  
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Standards for system modeling languages can also enable cross discipline, cross project, and cross organization communications. This offers the potential to reduce training requirements for practitioners who need to learn about a particular system, and enables the reuse of system artifacts. Standard modeling languages also provide a common foundation for advancing the practice of systems engineering as do other [[Systems Engineering Standards]].
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Modeling standards play an important role in defining agreed-upon system modeling {{Term|Concept (glossary)|concepts}} that can be represented for a particular {{Term|Domain (glossary)|domain}} of interest and enable the {{Term|Integration (glossary)|integration}} of different types of models across domains of interest. Modeling standards are extremely important to support MBSE, which aims to integrate various system aspects across various disciplines, {{Term|Product (glossary)|products}}, and technologies.
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Standards for system modeling languages can enable cross-discipline, cross-project, and cross-{{Term|Organization (glossary)|organization}} communication. This communication offers the potential to reduce the training {{Term|Requirement (glossary)|requirements}} for practitioners who only need to learn about a particular system and enables the reuse of system artifacts. Standard modeling languages also provide a common foundation for advancing the practice of {{Term|Systems Engineering (glossary)|systems engineering}}, as do other [[Systems Engineering Standards|systems engineering standards]].
  
 
==Types of Modeling Standards==
 
==Types of Modeling Standards==
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There are many different standards that apply to systems modeling. Modeling standards include standards for modeling languages, data exchange between models, and for transformation of one model to another to achieve semantic interoperability, as well as more general modeling standards. The following is a partial list of representative modeling standards, including a common acronym for many and a reference where more information can be found.
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Many different standards apply to systems modeling. Modeling standards include standards for modeling languages, data exchange between models, and the {{Term|Model Transformation (glossary)|transformation}} of one model to another to achieve {{Term|Semantic Interoperability (glossary)|semantic interoperability}}. Each type of model can be used to represent different aspects of a system, such as representing the set of system {{Term|Component (glossary)|components}} and their interconnections and {{Term|Interface (glossary)|interfaces}}, or to represent a system to support performance analysis or {{Term|Reliability (glossary)|reliability}} analysis.  
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The following is a partial list of representative modeling standards, which also includes the common acronym, when applicable, and a reference as to where additional information can be found on the topic.
  
 
===Modeling Languages for Systems===
 
===Modeling Languages for Systems===
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'''Descriptive models.'''  These standards apply to general descriptive modeling of systems.
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'''Descriptive Models''' - These standards apply to general descriptive modeling of systems:
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*Functional Flow Block Diagram (FFBD) (xx)  
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*Functional Flow Block Diagram (FFBD) (Oliver, Kelliher, and Keegan 1997)  
 
*Integration Definition for Functional Modeling (IDEF0) (NIST 1993)
 
*Integration Definition for Functional Modeling (IDEF0) (NIST 1993)
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*Object Process Diagrams (OPD) and Object Process Language (OPL) (xx)
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*Object-Process Methodology (OPM) [[https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:pas:19450:ed-1:v1:en]] (Dori 2002; ISO/PAS 19450:2015)
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*Systems Modeling Language (SysML) (xx)
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*Systems Modeling Language (SysML)(OMG 2010a)
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*Unified Profile for DoDAF and MODAF (UPDM) (xx)
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*Unified Profile for United States Department of Defense {{Term|Architecture (glossary)|Architecture}} Framework (DoDAF) and United Kingdom Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF) (OMG 2011e)
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*Web ontology language (OWL) (xx)
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*Web ontology language (OWL) (W3C 2004b)
  
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'''Analytical models and simulations.'''  These standards apply to both analytical models and simulations.
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'''Analytical Models and Simulations''' - These standards apply to analytical models and {{Term|Simulation (glossary)|simulations}}:
 
*Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) (IEEE 1998)  
 
*Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) (IEEE 1998)  
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*High Level Architecture (IEEE 2010)
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*High-Level Architecture (HLA) (IEEE 2010)
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*Modelica (xx)
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*Modelica (Modelica Association 2010)
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*Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models (FUML) (xx)
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*Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable Unified Modeling Language (UML) Models (FUML) (OMG 2011d)
  
 
===Data Exchange Standards===
 
===Data Exchange Standards===
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These standards enable the exchange of information between models.
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These standards enable the exchange of information between models:
 
*Application Protocol for Systems Engineering Data Exchange (ISO 10303-233) (AP-233) (ISO 2005)
 
*Application Protocol for Systems Engineering Data Exchange (ISO 10303-233) (AP-233) (ISO 2005)
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*Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF) (xx)
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*Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF) (OMG 2011c)
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*XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) (xx)
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*Extensible Mark-Up Language - (XML) Metadata Interchange (XMI) (OMG 2003a)
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*Resource Description Framework (RDF) (xx)
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*Resource Description Framework (RDF) (W3C 2004a)
  
 
===Model Transformations===
 
===Model Transformations===
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These standards apply to transforming one model to another to support semantic interoperability.
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These standards apply to transforming one model to another to support semantic interoperability:
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*Query View Transformations (QVT) (xx)
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*Query View Transformations (QVT) (OMG 2011b)
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*SysML-Modelica Transformation (xx)
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*Systems Modeling Language (SysML)-Modelica Transformation (OMG 2010c)
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*SysML-OPM Transformation (xx)
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*OPM-to-SysML Transformation (Grobshtein and Dori 2011)
  
 
===General Modeling Standards===
 
===General Modeling Standards===
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These standards provide general frameworks for modeling.
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These standards provide general {{Term|Framework (glossary)|frameworks}} for modeling:
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*Model driven architecture (MDA®) (xx)
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*Model-driven architecture (MDA®) (OMG 2003b)
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*IEEE 1471-2000 -Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of Software-Intensive Systems (ANSI/IEEE 2000) (ISO/IEC 2007)
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*IEEE 1471-2000 - Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of {{Term|Software (glossary)|Software}}-Intensive Systems (ANSI/IEEE 2000) (ISO/IEC 2007)
  
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===Other Domain-specific Modeling Standards===
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===Other Domain-Specific Modeling Standards===
  
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'''Software design models'''
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'''Software Design Models'''
  
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These standards apply to modeling application software and/or embedded software design.
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These standards apply to modeling application software and/or embedded software design:
 
*Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) (SAE 2009)
 
*Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) (SAE 2009)
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*Modeling and Analysis for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (MARTE) (xx)
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*Modeling and Analysis for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (MARTE) (OMG 2009)
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*Unified Modeling Language (UML) (xx)
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*Unified Modeling Language (UML) (OMG 2010b)
  
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'''Hardware design models'''
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'''Hardware Design Models'''
  
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These standards apply to modeling hardware design.
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These standards apply to modeling hardware design:
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*VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) (xx)
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* Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Hardware Description Language (VHDL) (IEEE 2008)
  
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'''Business process models'''
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'''Business Process Models'''
  
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These standards apply to modeling business processes.
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These standards apply to modeling business processes:
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*Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) (OMG 2011)
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*Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) (OMG 2011a)
  
 
==References==  
 
==References==  
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===Citations===
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===Works Cited===
  
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ANSI/IEEE. 2000. Recommended Practice for Architectural Description for Software-Intensive Systems. New York, NY: American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), ANSI/[[IEEE 1471]]-2000.
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ANSI/IEEE. 2000. ''Recommended Practice for Architectural Description for Software-Intensive Systems''. New York, NY, USA: American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), ANSI/[[IEEE 1471]]-2000.
  
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ISO. 2005. ''Application Protocol for Systems Engineering Data Exchange''. (ISO 10303-233). International Organization for Standardization.  Available at http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=55257
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Grobshtein, Y. and D. Dori. 2011. "Generating SysML views from an OPM model: Design and evaluation," ''Systems Engineering'', vol. 14, no. 3 Sept. 2011. 
 +
 
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IEEE. 1998. ''Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS)''. Washington, DC, USA: Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers. IEEE 1278.1-1995. Available at: IEEE http://standards.ieee.org/develop/project/1278.2.html. Accessed December 4, 2014.
 +
 
 +
IEEE. 2008. ''VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL)''. Washington, DC, USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE Standard 1076-2008. Available at: IEEE http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/1076-2008.html. Accessed December 4, 2014.
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 +
IEEE. 2010. ''Standard for High Level Architecture''. Washington, DC, USA: Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers.  IEEE Standard 1516. Available at: IEEE http://standards.ieee.org/develop/intl/intlstds.html. Accessed December 4, 2014. 
 +
 
 +
ISO. 2005. ''Application Protocol for Systems Engineering Data Exchange''. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization. ISO 10303-233. Available at: ISO http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=55257. Accessed December 4, 2014.
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 +
ISO. 2015. ''Automation Systems and Integration - Object Process Methodology.'' Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization.  ISO/PAS 19450:2015. Available at: ISO https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:pas:19450:ed-1:v1:en. Accessed March 15, 2020.
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ISO/IEC/IEEE. 2011. ''Systems and Software Engineering — Architecture Description.'' Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. December 1, 2011. ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011. Available at: ISO http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=50508. Accessed December 4, 2014.
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Modelica Association. 2010. ''Modelica® - A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Physical Systems Modeling, Language Specification, Version 3.2''.  Modelica Association. Available at: Modelica https://www.modelica.org/documents/ModelicaSpec32.pdf. Accessed December 4, 2014.
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NIST. 1993. ''Integration Definition for Functional Modeling (IDEF0)''. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute for Standards and Technologies. Available at: IDEF http://www.idef.com/IDEF0.htm. Accessed December 4, 2014.
 
   
 
   
−
SAE. 2009. ''Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL)''. Warrendale, PA, USA: SAE International. Available at http://standards.sae.org/as5506a/
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Oliver, D., T. Kelliher, and J. Keegan. 1997. ''Engineering Complex Systems with Models and Objects''. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill.  
  
−
OMG. 2011. ''Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), Version 2.0''. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0/
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OMG 2003a. ''XML Metadata Interchange (XMI),'' Version 1.1. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/XML/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
−
IEEE. 1998.  ''Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS)''. Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Available at http://standards.ieee.org/develop/project/1278.2.html
+
OMG. 2003b.  ''Model Driven Architecture (MDA®),'' Version 1.0.1. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/mda. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
−
Functional flow block diagram (FFBD). Available at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_flow_block_diagram
+
OMG. 2009. ''Modeling and Analysis for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (MARTE),'' Version 1.0. Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/MARTE/1.0/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
−
ISO/IEC. 2007. Systems and Software Engineering — Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of Software-intensive Systems, International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission, September 12, 2007. ISO/IEC 42010:2007. Available at http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=45991 
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OMG. 2010a. ''OMG Systems Modeling Language (SysML),'' Version 1.2. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: SysML forum http://www.sysml.org/docs/specs/OMGSysML-v1.2-10-06-02.pdf. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
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NIST. 1993. ''Integration Definition for Functional Modeling (IDEF0)''. National Institute for Standards and Technologies. Available at http://www.idef.com/IDEF0.htm
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OMG. 2010b. ''Unified Modeling Language™ (UML),'' Version 2. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
−
IEEE. 2010. ''Standard for High Level Architecture, IEEE Standard 1516''. Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Available at http://standards.ieee.org/develop/intl/intlstds.html
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OMG. 2010c. ''SysML-Modelica Transformation Specification'', Beta Version. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/SyM/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
−
 
−
OMG. 2009. ''Modeling and Analysis for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (MARTE), Version 1.0''. Object Management Group. Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/MARTE/1.0/
 
  
−
Model driven architecture (MDA®). Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-driven_architecture[https://www.modelica.org/ Modelica]
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OMG. 2011a. ''Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN),'' Version 2.0. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
−
Object Management Group. Query View Transformations (QVT). Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/QVT/1.1/  
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OMG. 2011b. ''Query View Transformations (QVT),'' Version 1.1. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/QVT/1.1/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
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Object Management Group. Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF). Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/ReqIF/  
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OMG. 2011c. ''Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF),'' Version 1.0.1. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG  http://www.omg.org/spec/ReqIF/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
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Resource Description Framework (RDF). Available at http://www.w3.org/RDF/.
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OMG. 2011d. ''Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models (FUML),'' Version 1.0. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG http://www.omg.org/spec/FUML/1.0/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
−
Object Management Group. Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models (FUML). Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/FUML/
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OMG. 2011e. ''Unified Profile for DoDAF and MODAF (UPDM),'' Version 1.1. Needham, MA, USA: Object Management Group. Available at: OMG  http://www.omg.org/spec/UPDM/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
−
 
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Object Management Group.  Systems Modeling Language (SysML). Available at http://www.omgsysml.org/
 
−
 
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Object Management Group. SysML-Modelica Transformation Specification. Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/SyM/
 
  
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Object Management Group. Unified Modeling Language™ (UML). [http://www.uml.org/#UML2.0
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SAE. 2009. ''Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL)''. Warrendale, PA, USA: SAE International. Available at: Society of Automotive Engineers http://standards.sae.org/as5506a/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
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Object Management Group. Unified Profile for DoDAF and MODAF (UPDM). Available at http://www.omg.org/spec/UPDM/
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W3C. 2004a. ''Resource Description Framework (RDF),'' Version 1.0. World Wide Web Consortium. Available at: World Wide Web Consortium http://www.w3.org/RDF/. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
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Object Management Group. XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML_Metadata_Interchange
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W3C. 2004b.  ''Web Ontology Language. (OWL)''. World Wide Web Consortium. Available at: World Wide Web Consortium  http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL. Accessed December 4, 2014.
  
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VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL). Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHDL
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===Primary References===
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Dori, D. 2002. ''[[Object-Process Methodology – A Holistic Systems Paradigm]].'' Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany; New York, NY, USA: Springer Verlag.
  
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Web ontology language. (OWL)Avaialbe at http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL/
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Friedenthal, S., A. Moore, R. Steiner, and M. Kaufman. 2012. ''[[A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language]]'', 2nd Edition. Needham, MA, USA: OMG Press.
  
 
===Additional References===
 
===Additional References===
−
Dori, D. 2002. [[Object-Process Methodology – A Holistic Systems Paradigm]], Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2002 (ISBN 3-540-65471-2).  
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Fritzon, P. 2004. ''Object-Oriented Modeling and Simulation with Modelica 2.1''. New York, NY, USA: Wiley Interscience and IEEE Press.
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http://www.amazon.com/Object-Process-Methodology-Dov-Dori/dp/3540654712
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Bibliowicz, A. and D. Dori. 2012. “A graph grammar-based formal validation of object-process diagrams,” ''Software and Systems Modeling'', vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 287-302.
  
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Friedenthal, S., A. Moore, and R. Steiner. 2009. A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language. Morgan Kaufman. Needham, MA, USA: OMG Press. (Chapter 1).
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Blekhman, A. and D. Dori. 2011. "Model-Based Requirements Authoring." INCOSE 2011 – The 6th International Conference on System Engineering. March 2011.  
  
−
Fritzon, P. 2004. Object-oriented modeling and simulation with Modelica 2.1. New York, NY: Wiley Interscience and IEEE Press.
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Dori, D., R. Feldman, and A. Sturm. 2008. ''From conceptual models to schemata: An object-process-based data warehouse construction method," ''Information Systems,'' vol. 33, pp. 567–593.  
  
−
Grobshtein, Y. and Dori, D. 2011. Generating SysML Views from an OPM Model: Design and Evaluation. Systems Engineering, DOI 10.1002/sys.20181. Available at http://esml.iem.technion.ac.il/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/GeneratingSysMLViewsFromAnOPMModel.pdf
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Osorio, C.A., D. Dori, and J. Sussman. 2011. ''COIM: An object-process based method for analyzing architectures of complex, interconnected, large-scale socio-technical systems'', ''Systems Engineering,''  vol. 14, no. 3.
 +
 
 +
Paredis, C.J.J. et al. 2010. "An overview of the SysML-Modelica transformation specification". Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) International Symposium, 12-15 July 2010, Chicago, IL.
 +
 
 +
Reinhartz-Berger, I. and D. Dori. 2005. "OPM vs. UML—Experimenting with comprehension and construction of web application models," ''Empirical Software Engineering'', vol. 10, pp. 57–79, 2005.
 
   
 
   
−
Paredis, C. J. J., and et al. 2010. An overview of the SysML-modelica transformation specification. Paper presented at 20th Annual International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) International Symposium, 12-15 July, 2010, Chicago, IL.
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Weilkiens, T. 2008. ''Systems Engineering with SysML/UML''. Needham, MA, USA: OMG Press.
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−
Weilkiens, T. 2008. Systems Engineering with SysML/UML. Morgan Kaufman. Needham, MA, USA OMG Press.
 
  
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ISO. Product Data Representation and Exchange (STEP). International Standards Organizationa (ISO) 10303. Available at http://www.tc184sc4.org/SC4_Open/SC4%20Legacy%20Products%20(2001-08)/STEP_(10303)/ISO 10303
 
 
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<center>[[Integrating Supporting Aspects into System Models|< Previous Article]] | [[Representing Systems with Models|Parent Article]] | [[Systems Approach Applied to Engineered Systems|Next Article >]]</center>
  
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===Article Discussion===
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==Signatures==
 
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--[[User:Radcock|Radcock]] 21:38, 10 August 2011 (UTC)
 
 
[[Category:Part 2]][[Category:Topic]]
 
[[Category:Part 2]][[Category:Topic]]
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[[Category:Representing Systems with Models]]

Latest revision as of 22:35, 2 May 2024

Lead Author: Sanford Friedenthal, Contributing Authors: Dov Dori, Yaniv Mordecai

Different types of modelsmodels are needed to support the analysis, specification, designdesign, and verificationverification of systemssystems. The evolution of modeling standards enables the broad adoption of Model-Based Systems EngineeringModel-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE).

Motivation for Modeling Standards

Modeling standards play an important role in defining agreed-upon system modeling conceptsconcepts that can be represented for a particular domaindomain of interest and enable the integrationintegration of different types of models across domains of interest. Modeling standards are extremely important to support MBSE, which aims to integrate various system aspects across various disciplines, productsproducts, and technologies.

Standards for system modeling languages can enable cross-discipline, cross-project, and cross-organizationorganization communication. This communication offers the potential to reduce the training requirementsrequirements for practitioners who only need to learn about a particular system and enables the reuse of system artifacts. Standard modeling languages also provide a common foundation for advancing the practice of systems engineeringsystems engineering, as do other systems engineering standards.

Types of Modeling Standards

Many different standards apply to systems modeling. Modeling standards include standards for modeling languages, data exchange between models, and the transformationtransformation of one model to another to achieve semantic interoperabilitysemantic interoperability. Each type of model can be used to represent different aspects of a system, such as representing the set of system componentscomponents and their interconnections and interfacesinterfaces, or to represent a system to support performance analysis or reliabilityreliability analysis.

The following is a partial list of representative modeling standards, which also includes the common acronym, when applicable, and a reference as to where additional information can be found on the topic.

Modeling Languages for Systems

Descriptive Models - These standards apply to general descriptive modeling of systems:

  • Functional Flow Block Diagram (FFBD) (Oliver, Kelliher, and Keegan 1997)
  • Integration Definition for Functional Modeling (IDEF0) (NIST 1993)
  • Object-Process Methodology (OPM) [[1]] (Dori 2002; ISO/PAS 19450:2015)
  • Systems Modeling Language (SysML)(OMG 2010a)
  • Unified Profile for United States Department of Defense ArchitectureArchitecture Framework (DoDAF) and United Kingdom Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF) (OMG 2011e)
  • Web ontology language (OWL) (W3C 2004b)

Analytical Models and Simulations - These standards apply to analytical models and simulationssimulations:

  • Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) (IEEE 1998)
  • High-Level Architecture (HLA) (IEEE 2010)
  • Modelica (Modelica Association 2010)
  • Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable Unified Modeling Language (UML) Models (FUML) (OMG 2011d)

Data Exchange Standards

These standards enable the exchange of information between models:

  • Application Protocol for Systems Engineering Data Exchange (ISO 10303-233) (AP-233) (ISO 2005)
  • Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF) (OMG 2011c)
  • Extensible Mark-Up Language - (XML) Metadata Interchange (XMI) (OMG 2003a)
  • Resource Description Framework (RDF) (W3C 2004a)

Model Transformations

These standards apply to transforming one model to another to support semantic interoperability:

  • Query View Transformations (QVT) (OMG 2011b)
  • Systems Modeling Language (SysML)-Modelica Transformation (OMG 2010c)
  • OPM-to-SysML Transformation (Grobshtein and Dori 2011)

General Modeling Standards

These standards provide general frameworksframeworks for modeling:

  • Model-driven architecture (MDA®) (OMG 2003b)
  • IEEE 1471-2000 - Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of SoftwareSoftware-Intensive Systems (ANSI/IEEE 2000) (ISO/IEC 2007)

Other Domain-Specific Modeling Standards

Software Design Models

These standards apply to modeling application software and/or embedded software design:

  • Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) (SAE 2009)
  • Modeling and Analysis for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (MARTE) (OMG 2009)
  • Unified Modeling Language (UML) (OMG 2010b)

Hardware Design Models

These standards apply to modeling hardware design:

  • Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Hardware Description Language (VHDL) (IEEE 2008)

Business Process Models

These standards apply to modeling business processes:

  • Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) (OMG 2011a)

References

Works Cited

ANSI/IEEE. 2000. Recommended Practice for Architectural Description for Software-Intensive Systems. New York, NY, USA: American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), ANSI/IEEE 1471-2000.

Grobshtein, Y. and D. Dori. 2011. "Generating SysML views from an OPM model: Design and evaluation," Systems Engineering, vol. 14, no. 3 Sept. 2011.

IEEE. 1998. Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS). Washington, DC, USA: Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers. IEEE 1278.1-1995. Available at: IEEE http://standards.ieee.org/develop/project/1278.2.html. Accessed December 4, 2014.

IEEE. 2008. VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL). Washington, DC, USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE Standard 1076-2008. Available at: IEEE http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/1076-2008.html. Accessed December 4, 2014.

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Primary References

Dori, D. 2002. Object-Process Methodology – A Holistic Systems Paradigm. Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany; New York, NY, USA: Springer Verlag.

Friedenthal, S., A. Moore, R. Steiner, and M. Kaufman. 2012. A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language, 2nd Edition. Needham, MA, USA: OMG Press.

Additional References

Fritzon, P. 2004. Object-Oriented Modeling and Simulation with Modelica 2.1. New York, NY, USA: Wiley Interscience and IEEE Press.

Bibliowicz, A. and D. Dori. 2012. “A graph grammar-based formal validation of object-process diagrams,” Software and Systems Modeling, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 287-302.

Blekhman, A. and D. Dori. 2011. "Model-Based Requirements Authoring." INCOSE 2011 – The 6th International Conference on System Engineering. March 2011.

Dori, D., R. Feldman, and A. Sturm. 2008. From conceptual models to schemata: An object-process-based data warehouse construction method," Information Systems, vol. 33, pp. 567–593.

Osorio, C.A., D. Dori, and J. Sussman. 2011. COIM: An object-process based method for analyzing architectures of complex, interconnected, large-scale socio-technical systems, Systems Engineering, vol. 14, no. 3.

Paredis, C.J.J. et al. 2010. "An overview of the SysML-Modelica transformation specification". Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) International Symposium, 12-15 July 2010, Chicago, IL.

Reinhartz-Berger, I. and D. Dori. 2005. "OPM vs. UML—Experimenting with comprehension and construction of web application models," Empirical Software Engineering, vol. 10, pp. 57–79, 2005.

Weilkiens, T. 2008. Systems Engineering with SysML/UML. Needham, MA, USA: OMG Press.

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