Disruption (glossary)
An interruption in the functionality of a system. Disruptions may be either internal or external. Internal disruptions may be due to human error, software error, or component failure. External disruptions may be caused by hostile attacks or natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, or hurricanes. Disruptions may also result from loss of resources (external) or from “system” errors, that is, failures caused by the interaction of two or more components that performed as designed (internal). (Jackson 2010)
Source
Jackson, S. 2010. Architecting Resilient Systems: Accident Avoidance and Survival and Recovery from Disruptions. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley and Sons. p. 39-53.
Discussion
This book has a good discussion of the concept of disruptions. The word is used in other sources such as Hollnagel et al (Resilience Engineering: Concepts and Precepts, Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2006, UK) and various government document.